Chapter 2 Practice Paper: Infectious Diseases in Humans — question paper (print)

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Secondary 4 · Biology (G2 / G3)

Chapter 2 Practice Paper

Infectious Diseases in Humans

Duration: 40 minutes

Total: 30 marks

Name:

Class:

Date:

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, class and register number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
Give numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures unless stated otherwise.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
The total number of marks for this paper is 30.

Original practice material written for the MOE Biology syllabus. It is not an official MOE or school examination paper. Infectious vs non-infectious diseases; bacterial and viral structure; transmission through body fluids, food, water and droplets; influenza and pneumococcal disease; vaccination and immunity; antibiotics and resistance.

For Examiner’s Use
Section A	/ 10
Section B	/ 20
Total	/ 30

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[10 marks]

Choose the one correct answer for each question.

1
Which description fits a virus?
1. Aa cell with a wall, cytoplasm and DNA free in the cytoplasm
2. Bgenetic material enclosed in a protein coat, reproducing only in living cells
3. Ca single-celled organism that feeds on decaying matter
4. Da multicellular parasite spread by water
( )
2
Bacterial DNA differs from human DNA in that bacterial DNA
1. Ais not surrounded by a nuclear membrane
2. Bis made of protein
3. Ccannot mutate
4. Dis absent from the cytoplasm
( )
3
A vaccine protects against future infection because it
1. Acontains antibodies that attack the pathogen immediately
2. Bstrengthens the cell walls of body cells
3. Ckills pathogens already inside the body
4. Dcontains an agent resembling the pathogen, so white blood cells make antibodies and memory cells
( )
4
Antibiotics such as penicillin kill bacteria by targeting structures that viruses lack, such as
1. Athe protein coat
2. Bthe nucleus
3. Cthe cell wall
4. Dthe genetic material
( )
5
A clinic vaccinates 375 of its 500 registered patients against influenza. The coverage is
1. A65%
2. B75%
3. C80%
4. D133%
( )

Section B: Structured questions[20 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1
The described micrographs show two pathogens: micrograph A shows rod-shaped cells with visible cell walls, each about a thousandth of a millimetre long; micrograph B shows tiny geometric particles, far smaller, with no visible internal structure.
1. (a)
  Identify which micrograph shows bacteria and which shows viruses, giving one reason for each.
  [2]
2. (b)
  State two structural features present in the organism in micrograph A that are absent from the one in micrograph B.
  [2]
3. (c)
  Explain why only one of the two pathogens can reproduce outside a living host cell.
  [2]
2
Every autumn, a nursing home offers staff and residents vaccination against influenza. This year 132 of its 160 residents took up the vaccine.
1. (a)
  Calculate the vaccination coverage among residents.
  coverage =%[2]
2. (b)
  Explain how the vaccine protects a resident who later meets the influenza virus.
  [3]
3. (c)
  State one reason why the home also insists on handwashing and covering coughs.
  [2]
3
A patient with a bacterial chest infection is prescribed a 7-day course of an antibiotic. She feels much better on day 4 and stops taking the tablets.
1. (a)
  Calculate the percentage of the prescribed course she completed.
  completed =%[2]
2. (b)
  Explain why her decision increases the chance that her infection returns in an antibiotic-resistant form.
  [3]
3. (c)
  State two practices, besides completing courses, that help slow the spread of antibiotic resistance in the community.
  [2]

— End of paper —