End-of-Year Practice Paper: End-of-Year Examination (EOY) — question paper

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[20 marks]

Answer all questions. For each question, write the letter (A, B, C or D) of the correct answer.

1. 1

   Which instrument is the most suitable for measuring the internal diameter of a narrow pipe (about 2 cm)?

   1. Ametre rule
   2. Bvernier calipers
   3. Cmicrometer screw gauge
   4. Dmeasuring tape
   ( )
2. 2

   A cyclist travels 500 m in 40 s, then another 500 m in 60 s. The average speed for the whole journey is

   1. A10 m/s
   2. B8.3 m/s
   3. C12.5 m/s
   4. D20 m/s
   ( )
3. 3

   On a distance–time graph, a straight line sloping upwards shows

   1. Athe object at rest
   2. Bconstant acceleration
   3. Cconstant speed
   4. Ddeceleration
   ( )
4. 4

   A stone dropped from rest falls for 2.0 s. Ignoring air resistance (g = 10 m/s²), the distance it falls is

   1. A10 m
   2. B40 m
   3. C5.0 m
   4. D20 m
   ( )
5. 5

   A book rests on a table. The Newton’s-third-law pair of the upward push of the table on the book is

   1. Athe push of the book on the table
   2. Bthe weight of the table
   3. Cthe friction between the book and the table
   4. Dthe pull of the Earth on the table
   ( )
6. 6

   A resultant force of 12 N acts on a mass of 4.0 kg. The acceleration is

   1. A48 m/s²
   2. B0.33 m/s²
   3. C16 m/s²
   4. D3.0 m/s²
   ( )
7. 7

   The centre of gravity of a uniform metre rule is at

   1. Athe 0 cm mark
   2. Bthe 50 cm mark
   3. Cthe 25 cm mark
   4. Dthe 100 cm mark
   ( )
8. 8

   A uniform plank of weight 200 N rests on a pivot 1.0 m from its left end; the plank is 4.0 m long. Taking moments about the pivot, the upward force needed at the right end to hold it level is about

   1. A33 N
   2. B50 N
   3. C67 N
   4. D200 N
   ( )
9. 9

   Atmospheric pressure at sea level is about

   1. A100 Pa
   2. B1000 Pa
   3. C100 000 Pa
   4. D10 000 Pa
   ( )
10. 10

    A person of weight 600 N stands with both feet. Each shoe has contact area 0.015 m². The pressure under both feet is

    1. A40 000 Pa
    2. B20 000 Pa
    3. C9000 Pa
    4. D600 Pa
    ( )
11. 11

    A crane lifts a 500 kg girder through 8.0 m at constant speed (g = 10 N/kg). The useful work done is

    1. A4000 J
    2. B6250 J
    3. C62 500 J
    4. D40 000 J
    ( )
12. 12

    Which energy change happens in a falling apple just before it hits the ground (ignoring air resistance)?

    1. Agravitational potential → kinetic
    2. Bkinetic → gravitational potential
    3. Cchemical → kinetic
    4. Dkinetic → thermal only
    ( )
13. 13

    In which state of matter are the particles arranged in a regular pattern, touching their neighbours, and vibrating about fixed positions?

    1. Aliquid only
    2. Bgas only
    3. Cboth solid and liquid
    4. Dsolid only
    ( )
14. 14

    Brownian motion — the zigzag movement of smoke particles in air — provides evidence that

    1. Aair molecules are stationary
    2. Bsmoke particles are lighter than air
    3. Cair molecules move randomly and bombard the smoke particles
    4. Dair is a compound
    ( )
15. 15

    Thermal energy is transferred through a metal rod mainly by

    1. Aconduction
    2. Bconvection
    3. Cradiation
    4. Devaporation
    ( )
16. 16

    Convection currents in water arise because warm water

    1. Acontracts, becomes denser and sinks
    2. Bexpands, becomes less dense and rises
    3. Cevaporates instantly
    4. Dbecomes more viscous
    ( )
17. 17

    The temperature of a substance stays constant while it is melting because

    1. Athe supplied energy breaks intermolecular bonds instead of raising the temperature
    2. Bno energy is being supplied
    3. Cthe substance loses heat at the same rate it gains heat
    4. Dthe particles stop moving
    ( )
18. 18

    A 2.0 kW kettle heats 1.5 kg of water for 60 s. The energy supplied is

    1. A30 J
    2. B120 000 J
    3. C120 J
    4. D120 000 000 J
    ( )
19. 19

    The specific heat capacity of a substance is the energy needed to raise the temperature of

    1. Aany amount of the substance by 1 K
    2. B1 kg of the substance to 1 K
    3. C1 kg of the substance by 1 K
    4. Dthe substance from solid to liquid
    ( )
20. 20

    Evaporation causes cooling of the remaining liquid because

    1. Athe slowest molecules escape first
    2. Bthe liquid contracts
    3. Cheat flows out of the liquid into the air by conduction
    4. Dthe fastest molecules escape, lowering the average kinetic energy left behind
    ( )

Section B: Structured questions[40 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1. 1

   A cyclist rides along a straight road. She accelerates uniformly from rest to 8.0 m/s in 10 s, rides at 8.0 m/s for 20 s, then brakes uniformly to a stop in 5.0 s.

   1. (a)

      Calculate the acceleration during the first 10 s.

      acceleration =m/s²[2]
   2. (b)

      Calculate the total distance travelled.

      distance =m[4]
   3. (c)

      Calculate the average speed for the whole journey.

      average speed =m/s[1]
2. 2

   A student balances a non-uniform metre rule on a knife edge and finds it balances at the 40 cm mark. A 1.5 N weight is then hung from the 10 cm mark.

   1. (a)

      State the meaning of centre of gravity.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Explain why the rule balances at 40 cm rather than 50 cm.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      A 0.50 N weight is hung from the rule to restore balance. Determine how far from the pivot it must hang, and state whether it can hang from the rule itself.

      [4]
3. 3

   A submarine’s hatch is 0.50 m × 0.40 m and lies 20 m below the surface of the sea. The density of sea water is 1020 kg/m³ and atmospheric pressure is 100 000 Pa. Take g = 10 N/kg.

   1. (a)

      Calculate the pressure due to the sea water at 20 m.

      pressure =Pa[2]
   2. (b)

      Calculate the total pressure on the hatch.

      total =Pa[1]
   3. (c)

      Calculate the total force on the hatch.

      force =N[3]
   4. (d)

      Explain why the atmospheric pressure term is usually omitted when calculating the net force trying to crush a sealed submarine.

      [2]
4. 4

   A pump drives water of mass 300 kg per minute up through a height of 12 m. The pump receives 900 W of electrical power. Take g = 10 N/kg.

   1. (a)

      Calculate the useful work done per minute lifting the water.

      work =J[2]
   2. (b)

      Calculate the useful power output of the pump.

      useful power =W[2]
   3. (c)

      Calculate the efficiency of the pump.

      efficiency =%[2]
   4. (d)

      State two ways the wasted energy appears.

      [2]
5. 5

   A 700 W heater warms 0.50 kg of water in an insulated container. The heater runs for 60 s. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg·K).

   1. (a)

      Define specific heat capacity.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Calculate the energy supplied in 60 s.

      energy =J[2]
   3. (c)

      Calculate the temperature rise of the water, assuming no losses.

      temperature rise =K[3]
   4. (d)

      In reality the rise is slightly smaller. State why.

      [2]