Sec 4 Chemistry Alcohols, Acids & Polymers topical questions

Name the functional group present in all alcohols and give the formula of propanol.

Write the equation for the fermentation of glucose and state two conditions for the fermentation.

Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate. Name the salt formed and state the observation.

Name the polymer formed from chloroethene and state one disposal problem with it.

Compare the manufacture of ethanol by fermentation with its manufacture by the hydration of ethene, giving two advantages of each route.

An open bottle of wine left in a kitchen for a week tastes of vinegar.

1. (a)Name the new substance and the process that made it.[2]
2. (b)Write the equation, using [O].[2]

Ethanoic acid and hydrochloric acid of the same concentration react separately with equal masses of magnesium ribbon.

1. (a)State which tube fizzes faster and explain using ionisation.[3]
2. (b)State what you would expect about the total volume of hydrogen from each tube, with a reason.[2]

Ethanol is warmed with acidified potassium manganate(VII).

1. (a)State the colour change of the manganate(VII).[1]
2. (b)Name the organic product and write the equation using [O].[3]
3. (c)Explain why this reaction is redox.[1]

A perfume chemist warms ethanol with ethanoic acid and a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid.

1. (a)Name the ester formed and write the equation.[3]
2. (b)State TWO roles of the concentrated sulfuric acid.[2]

Polyester (Terylene) is made from a diol (a molecule with two –OH groups) and a dicarboxylic acid (a molecule with two –COOH groups).

1. (a)State the type of polymerisation and the small molecule released at each link.[2]
2. (b)Name the link formed between the monomers.[1]
3. (c)Explain why the monomers must each carry TWO reactive groups.[2]
4. (d)Name one everyday use of polyester.[1]

A town landfill receives mixed plastic waste: poly(ethene) bags, PVC pipes and nylon fabric.

1. (a)State which plastics are biodegradable, with a reason.[2]
2. (b)Explain why burning the PVC pipes is the worst disposal option of the three.[2]
3. (c)Suggest one better disposal strategy for the PVC and one for the nylon.[2]

A wine-maker ferments 900 g of glucose (Mr = 180) completely.

1. (a)Calculate the moles of glucose fermented.[1]
2. (b)Calculate the mass of ethanol (Mr = 46) produced.[3]
3. (c)Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide released at r.t.p. (24 dm³/mol).[2]