Topic 6 Practice Paper: Human nutrition — question paper

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[10 marks]

Choose one answer for each question. Each question is worth 1 mark.

1. 1

   Which diet component is the body’s main energy source?

   1. AProtein
   2. BFibre
   3. CVitamin C
   4. DCarbohydrate
   ( )
2. 2

   Which mineral ion is needed to prevent anaemia?

   1. ACalcium
   2. BIron
   3. CMagnesium
   4. DSodium
   ( )
3. 3

   Physical digestion differs from chemical digestion because physical digestion

   1. Abreaks food into smaller pieces with no chemical change
   2. Brequires enzymes
   3. Cchanges molecules into new substances
   4. Dhappens only in the colon
   ( )
4. 4

   Which type of tooth grinds food?

   1. AIncisor
   2. BCanine
   3. CPremolar
   4. DAll of them equally
   ( )
5. 5

   Bile is stored in the

   1. Aliver
   2. Bgall bladder
   3. Cpancreas
   4. Dduodenum
   ( )
6. 6

   Which enzyme is secreted by the pancreas and acts in the small intestine on fats?

   1. APepsin
   2. BAmylase
   3. CMaltase
   4. DLipase
   ( )
7. 7

   The products of starch digestion that can be absorbed are

   1. Aglucose molecules
   2. Bmaltose molecules
   3. Camino acids
   4. Dglycerol
   ( )
8. 8

   Hydrochloric acid in the stomach helps digestion by

   1. Aemulsifying fat
   2. Bneutralising bile
   3. Cproviding the acidic optimum for pepsin and killing microbes
   4. Dbuilding proteins
   ( )
9. 9

   Most water in the gut is absorbed from the

   1. Astomach
   2. Boesophagus
   3. Ccolon
   4. Dsmall intestine
   ( )
10. 10

    The lacteal inside a villus absorbs

    1. Aglucose
    2. Bproducts of fat digestion
    3. Camino acids
    4. Dwater only
    ( )

Section B: Structured questions[20 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1. 11

   A nutritionist analyses a child’s weekly diet and finds plenty of carbohydrate but little fresh fruit and few vegetables.

   1. (a)

      Name the vitamin likely to be lacking and the deficiency disease that may develop.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State two signs or symptoms of this disease.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      Name two foods the child should eat more of, and explain the role of the missing vitamin in the body.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      The child also plays indoors all winter. Name the other vitamin at risk and state how the body can still obtain it without food.

      [1]
2. 12

   A student eats a sandwich containing starch (bread), protein (ham) and fat (butter).

   1. (a)

      Describe the physical digestion of the bread in the mouth and of the whole meal in the stomach.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Name the enzymes that digest the protein and state where each acts.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      Name the end products of digestion of the ham and of the butter, and the vessel inside each villus that absorbs them.

      [3]
3. 13

   The small intestine is the main organ of absorption.

   1. (a)

      Explain how villi and microvilli increase absorption.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Describe two other features of a villus that make absorption efficient.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      State where most water is absorbed, and where the remaining water is absorbed.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      Define assimilation, using an example.

      [1]