End-of-Year Practice Paper: Sec 2 chapters 1–8 — mark scheme (print)

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QQ/S2SCI/EOY

Secondary 2 · Lower Secondary Science (G2 / G3)

Mark scheme

Sec 2 chapters 1–8

End-of-Year Practice Paper · Maximum mark: 60

Notes for markers

Award one mark for each point marked [1], up to the marks shown for the part.
Accept answers worded differently that show the same understanding.
Units are required where the answer line shows one. ecf: allow an error carried forward.

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[20 marks]

Question	Answer
1	AFriction and air resistance oppose the motion, so the bicycle slows.	1
2	CEnergy passes through the metal from particle to particle.	1
3	BIron reacts with oxygen when water is also present.	1
4	DThe grass makes its own food using light.	1
5	AThere is only one path, so the current is the same all the way around.	1
6	CPancreatic juice contains enzymes that digest protein, fat and starch.	1
7	BXylem vessels carry water and dissolved mineral salts up the plant.	1
8	DSperm cells are made in the testes.	1
9	APressure = force ÷ area = 20 ÷ 0.5 = 40 N/m².	1
10	CThe moving air carries heat around the room. That movement is convection.	1
11	BNeutralisation produces a salt and water.	1
12	DEnergy moves from the food to the feeder, so the arrow points that way.	1
13	AA large current heats the fuse wire until it melts and breaks the circuit.	1
14	CThe small intestine has a large surface of villi for absorption.	1
15	BHaemoglobin in red blood cells binds oxygen.	1
16	DOvaries release egg cells.	1
17	AWork done stretching the band is stored and can be released when the band returns to shape.	1
18	CDull black surfaces give out radiation more readily than shiny ones.	1
19	BMagnesium and oxygen form a new substance. The other changes do not.	1
20	DDecomposers break down dead material.	1

Section B: Structured questions[40 marks]

Question	Answer and marking points	Marks
1(a)	Pressure = 30 ÷ 0.03 = 1000 N/m². 30 ÷ 0.03 [1] 1000 N/m² [1]	2
1(b)	Use wider straps, so the same force acts over a larger area. Increase the area of the straps [1]	1
1(c)	18 − 6 = 12 N in the direction of the push. 18 − 6 [1] 12 N in the direction of the push [1]	2
1(d)	The box speeds up in the direction of the push. It speeds up / accelerates [1]	1
1(e)	Friction stops the box. Kinetic energy is transferred to the surroundings as heat. Friction [1] Kinetic energy becomes heat / thermal energy [1]	2
1(f)	Gravitational potential energy. It gained this store because work was done lifting it. Gravitational potential energy [1] Work was done lifting it / it is higher [1]	2
	Total for Question 1	10
2(a)	The foil-wrapped can cools more slowly. The foil reduces heat loss by radiation. Foil-wrapped / shiny can [1] Radiation [1]	2
2(b)	The lid stops warm air leaving and cooler air moving in, so it reduces heat loss by convection. Plastic is also a poor conductor. Reduces convection / stops warm air escaping [1] Plastic conducts poorly, or a second correct point about convection [1]	2
2(c)	The algae. It uses light to make food by photosynthesis. Algae [1] Photosynthesis / light [1]	2
2(d)	The number of larvae falls because they have less food. Number falls [1] Less food from the algae [1]	2
2(e)	Decomposers. A low temperature, or a shortage of oxygen, would slow them. Decomposers [1] One abiotic factor, such as low temperature or little oxygen [1]	2
	Total for Question 2	10
3(a)	0.4 A. In a series circuit the current is the same at every point. 0.4 A [1] One path / current is the same all around [1]	2
3(b)	If one lamp fails, the other stays lit, because each lamp has its own path. One lamp can stay on if the other fails, or each lamp is brighter [1]	1
3(c)	The fuse melts and breaks the circuit if the current is too large. The earth wire carries current to earth if a fault makes the metal case live. Fuse breaks the circuit when current is too large [1] Earth wire protects the user if the case becomes live [1]	2
3(d)	Acidic [1]	1
3(e)	Hydrogen. A lighted splint at the mouth of the tube gives a squeaky pop. Hydrogen [1] Squeaky pop with a lighted splint [1]	2
3(f)	Neutralisation. The products are a salt and water. Neutralisation [1] Salt and water [1]	2
	Total for Question 3	10
4(a)	Amylase acts on starch. Amylase [1] Starch [1]	2
4(b)	It has villi, which give a large surface area. Villi / large surface area / thin walls / good blood supply [1]	1
4(c)	An artery. Its wall is thick and muscular, so it can withstand high pressure. Artery [1] Thick or muscular wall / carries blood at high pressure [1]	2
4(d)	Water evaporates from the leaves and diffuses out through the stomata. This loss is transpiration. Water evaporates / vapour diffuses out [1] Through the stomata / transpiration [1]	2
4(e)	Fertilisation happens in the oviduct. The cell formed is a zygote. Oviduct [1] Zygote [1]	2
4(f)	The uterus lining breaks down and is lost during menstruation. Lining breaks down / menstruation [1]	1
	Total for Question 4	10

— End of mark scheme —