Chapter 4 Practice Paper: Ecosystems — question paper

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[10 marks]

Answer all questions. For each question, write the letter (A, B, C or D) of the correct answer in the brackets provided.

1. 1

   A class records four observations on a rocky shore. Which one is abiotic?

   1. Athe temperature of a rock pool
   2. Ba crab
   3. Ca barnacle
   4. Dseaweed
   ( )
2. 2

   In the chain grass → rabbit → fox, the arrow from the rabbit to the fox means

   1. Athe fox is the larger animal.
   2. Bwater moves up the grass stem.
   3. Cenergy is transferred to the fox.
   4. Dthe fox is a decomposer.
   ( )
3. 3

   Cleaner fish eat parasites off a larger fish. The larger fish is left healthier, and the cleaner fish get a meal. This relationship is

   1. Aparasitism.
   2. Bmutualism.
   3. Cpredator and prey.
   4. Ddecomposition.
   ( )
4. 4

   In the chain cabbage → caterpillar → bird, the producer is

   1. Athe bird.
   2. Bthe caterpillar.
   3. Cthe Sun.
   4. Dthe cabbage.
   ( )
5. 5

   A flea living on a dog and harming the dog is an example of

   1. Aparasitism.
   2. Bmutualism.
   3. Cphotosynthesis.
   4. Dan abiotic factor.
   ( )
6. 6

   An ecosystem is

   1. Aone food chain with no environment.
   2. Bonly the non-living water.
   3. Ca community together with its environment.
   4. Da single cell.
   ( )
7. 7

   Decomposers are important because they

   1. Aare the producers at the start of every chain.
   2. Bcarry out photosynthesis.
   3. Chunt the top consumer.
   4. Dbreak down dead matter and return nutrients.
   ( )
8. 8

   Photosynthesis in a green plant

   1. Areleases energy from food in every animal cell.
   2. Bmakes glucose and oxygen, using light energy, carbon dioxide and water.
   3. Cis the same process as breathing.
   4. Dis parasitism.
   ( )
9. 9

   If the only producer in a food chain is removed,

   1. Athe consumers lose their food supply.
   2. Bthe chain gains energy.
   3. Cdecomposers become the producers.
   4. Dthe arrows reverse.
   ( )
10. 10

    Biodiversity can fall after a wetland is drained because

    1. Aevery species gains a new habitat.
    2. Bfood-chain arrows point the other way.
    3. Chabitats and food sources are lost.
    4. Dthe water becomes a producer.
    ( )

Section B: Structured questions[20 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided. Show your working for calculations.

1. 1

   In a pond: waterweed → snail → fish, and waterweed → insect → fish.

   1. (a)

      Name the producer.

      [1]
   2. (b)

      State what passes from the snail to the fish along the arrow.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      Explain why these two chains together are a food web.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      Predict one effect of removing all the waterweed, and give a reason.

      [2]
2. 2

   A class studies a dry grassland. The soil is alkaline, the days are hot, and there is little water. Grass and insects live there.

   1. (a)

      Name two abiotic factors in this description.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State one adaptation a plant might have where water is scarce.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      Explain the difference between the insects and the temperature as factors in this habitat.

      [2]
3. 3

   Green plants and living cells both take part in chemical processes.

   1. (a)

      Write the word equation for photosynthesis.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State what respiration releases in a living cell.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      A sealed jar holds a water plant in the light, and a small insect. State what each organism does to the carbon dioxide in the jar.

      [2]
4. 4

   Relationships and human activity change an ecosystem.

   1. (a)

      A tick feeds on a buffalo and the buffalo is harmed. Name the relationship.

      [1]
   2. (b)

      A bird eats the ticks, and the buffalo is left with fewer ticks. Name the relationship between the bird and the buffalo.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      A mangrove is cleared to make a car park. State one feeding link that may be lost, and one non-living factor on the ground that may change.

      [2]