Paper 2-style practice paper: Forces · Waves · Magnetism and electromagnetism · Space (Foundation) — question paper

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[10 marks]

Choose one answer for each question. Each question is worth 1 mark.

1. 1

   A cyclist rides 100 m in 20 s. Her average speed is

   1. A5 m/s
   2. B0.2 m/s
   3. C2 m/s
   4. D50 m/s
   ( )
2. 2

   A car speeds up from rest to 24 m/s in 8.0 s. Its acceleration is

   1. A0.33 m/s²
   2. B3.0 m/s²
   3. C16 m/s²
   4. D32 m/s²
   ( )
3. 3

   The weight of a 12 kg dog on Earth (g = 9.8 N/kg) is

   1. A1.2 N
   2. B12 N
   3. C117.6 N
   4. D1 176 N
   ( )
4. 4

   A vehicle’s overall stopping distance is

   1. Athe thinking distance plus the braking distance
   2. Bthe braking distance multiplied by the thinking distance
   3. Cthe thinking distance minus the braking distance
   4. Dthe speed multiplied by the reaction time
   ( )
5. 5

   A wave has a period of 0.005 s. Its frequency is

   1. A0.005 Hz
   2. B20 Hz
   3. C200 Hz
   4. D500 Hz
   ( )
6. 6

   Sound cannot travel through

   1. Asteel
   2. Bwater
   3. Cair
   4. Da vacuum
   ( )
7. 7

   The electromagnetic wave used in thermal imaging cameras is

   1. Agamma
   2. Bradio
   3. Cultraviolet
   4. Dinfrared
   ( )
8. 8

   Outside a bar magnet, magnetic field lines point

   1. Afrom south to north
   2. Bfrom north to south
   3. Cfrom east to west
   4. Din closed circles around the magnet
   ( )
9. 9

   An electric motor transfers energy from

   1. Akinetic to electrical
   2. Bchemical to electrical
   3. Celectrical to kinetic
   4. Dheat to kinetic
   ( )
10. 10

    The force that keeps a planet in orbit around the Sun is

    1. Afriction
    2. Bmagnetism
    3. Cair resistance
    4. Dgravity
    ( )

Section B: Structured questions[90 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1. 11

   This question is about forces and motion. A delivery van travels along a straight road.

   1. (a)

      On a distance–time graph, state what a straight, upward-sloping line and a horizontal line each show.

      [3]
   2. (b)

      The van covers 480 m in 32 s. Calculate its average speed.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      The van (mass 1 200 kg) accelerates at 2.5 m/s². Calculate the resultant force needed.

      [3]
   4. (d)

      Explain why a passenger continues to move forward when the van brakes suddenly, and how a seatbelt protects them.

      [3]
   5. (e)

      State whether velocity is a vector or a scalar, and give one vector and one scalar quantity.

      [3]
2. 12

   This question is about stopping distances.

   1. (a)

      State two factors that increase a driver’s thinking distance.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State two factors that increase a vehicle’s braking distance.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      A driver travelling at 30 m/s has a reaction time of 0.70 s. Calculate the thinking distance.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      The brakes decelerate the car at 7.5 m/s². Calculate the braking distance from 30 m/s.

      [3]
   5. (e)

      Calculate the total stopping distance, and explain why it is much longer on a wet road.

      [3]
3. 13

   This question is about work, elasticity and pressure. A warehouse worker drags a crate and stacks boxes on springs scales.

   1. (a)

      The worker pulls the crate with a force of 45 N and moves it 2.4 m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done.

      [3]
   2. (b)

      The pull takes 3.0 s. Calculate the worker’s useful power output.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      A spring stretches 0.20 m when a 5.0 N load is hung on it. Calculate the spring constant.

      [3]
   4. (d)

      Describe the shape of a force–extension graph for a spring up to its limit of proportionality.

      [2]
   5. (e)

      The full crate weighs 600 N and its base has an area of 0.030 m². Calculate the pressure it exerts on the floor.

      [3]
4. 14

   This question is about waves.

   1. (a)

      Define the amplitude and the wavelength of a wave.

      [3]
   2. (b)

      Sound travels at 340 m/s. Calculate the wavelength of a 680 Hz note.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      Describe how to use a ripple tank to find the frequency of water waves. State one measurement you need and the equipment used.

      [4]
   4. (d)

      List the seven groups of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing frequency, and give one use of microwaves.

      [3]
   5. (e)

      Explain why ultraviolet and gamma rays are more dangerous than radio waves.

      [3]
5. 15

   This question is about magnetism and electromagnetism.

   1. (a)

      Describe how to map the magnetic field of a bar magnet using a plotting compass.

      [3]
   2. (b)

      Describe the magnetic field inside a current-carrying solenoid and state two ways to make the solenoid’s magnet stronger.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      Give one everyday use of an electromagnet and explain why an electromagnet is used rather than a permanent magnet.

      [3]
   4. (d)

      A wire carrying a current sits in a magnetic field. State when the wire experiences a force, and name three factors that would increase it.

      [3]
   5. (e)

      State the difference between a motor and a generator in terms of energy transfer.

      [3]
6. 16

   This question is about space physics (separate Physics).

   1. (a)

      Describe the life cycle of a star with about the same mass as the Sun, from nebula to the end.

      [5]
   2. (b)

      Explain what keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun, and what would happen if the Sun’s gravity suddenly vanished.

      [4]
   3. (c)

      What is red-shift, and what does the red-shift of distant galaxies tell us about the Universe?

      [4]
   4. (d)

      Compare the orbit of a geostationary satellite with the orbit of a low-polar weather satellite.

      [3]
   5. (e)

      Put these in order of size, smallest first: the Solar System, the Milky Way galaxy, the Sun.

      [2]