Paper 2-style practice paper: Foundation — question paper

Section A: Multiple-choice questions[10 marks]

Choose one answer for each question. Each question is worth 1 mark.

1. 1

   The mean rate of a reaction making 50 cm³ of gas in 25 s is

   1. A2 cm³/s
   2. B0.5 cm³/s
   3. C1250 cm³/s
   4. D75 cm³/s
   ( )
2. 2

   A catalyst works by

   1. Araising the temperature
   2. Blowering the activation energy
   3. Cadding more particles
   4. Dbeing used up
   ( )
3. 3

   The Haber process makes

   1. Aethanol
   2. Bsulfuric acid
   3. Cammonia
   4. Dmethane
   ( )
4. 4

   Which formula is an alkane?

   1. AC₂H₄
   2. BC₃H₆
   3. CC₂H₆
   4. DC₂H₂
   ( )
5. 5

   Cracking produces

   1. Aa longer alkane
   2. Bonly polymers
   3. Ccarbon dioxide
   4. Da shorter alkane and an alkene
   ( )
6. 6

   The test for hydrogen gas is

   1. Aa glowing splint relights
   2. Ba burning splint gives a squeaky pop
   3. Climewater turns cloudy
   4. Ddamp litmus bleaches
   ( )
7. 7

   Photosynthesis produces

   1. Acarbon dioxide and water
   2. Bglucose and oxygen
   3. Cnitrogen and oxygen
   4. Dmethane and oxygen
   ( )
8. 8

   Approximately what percentage of today’s air is oxygen?

   1. A78%
   2. B50%
   3. C21%
   4. D4%
   ( )
9. 9

   Waste water sludge is digested anaerobically to make

   1. Abiogas
   2. Bglass
   3. Calloys
   4. Dpotable water
   ( )
10. 10

    Which gas is a greenhouse gas produced by cattle farming?

    1. Aoxygen
    2. Bnitrogen
    3. Cargon
    4. Dmethane
    ( )

Section B: Structured questions[90 marks]

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1. 11

   This question is about rates of reaction. Marble chips react with hydrochloric acid and the gas collected is measured every 20 seconds.

   Results

   Time / s	Volume of gas / cm³
   0	0
   20	30
   40	48
   60	56
   80	60
   100	60

   1. (a)

      Calculate the mean rate of reaction over the first 20 seconds.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Explain why the rate decreases during the reaction.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      State when the reaction finished and how you know.

      [1]
   4. (d)

      State the total volume of gas collected.

      [1]
   5. (e)

      State two ways to increase the rate of this reaction.

      [2]
2. 12

   This question is about reversible reactions and the Haber process: N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃.

   1. (a)

      State what is meant by a reversible reaction.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State the temperature, pressure and catalyst used in the Haber process.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      The theoretical yield of ammonia in a run is 50 g but only 40 g is made. Calculate the percentage yield.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      Explain why unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen are recycled.

      [2]
   5. (e)

      State why ammonia is condensed on leaving the reactor.

      [1]
3. 13

   This question is about crude oil.

   1. (a)

      Describe how fractional distillation separates crude oil.

      [3]
   2. (b)

      Use the alkane general formula CnH₂n+₂ to write the formula of the alkane with 5 carbon atoms.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      Name the two products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon.

      [1]
   4. (d)

      Explain why the petrochemical industry cracks long-chain hydrocarbons.

      [2]
   5. (e)

      State why crude oil is described as a finite resource.

      [1]
4. 14

   This question is about alcohols, acids and polymers.

   1. (a)

      Write the equation for the fermentation of glucose.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      State the functional group found in all alcohols.

      [1]
   3. (c)

      Explain what is meant by a weak acid, using ethanoic acid as your example.

      [1]
   4. (d)

      Describe how ethene molecules form poly(ethene).

      [3]
   5. (e)

      State the result of the bromine water test with an alkene.

      [1]
   6. (f)

      Name the acid produced when ethanol is oxidised by bacteria in open wine.

      [1]
5. 15

   This question is about chemical analysis.

   1. (a)

      Describe how to carry out paper chromatography on a food colouring, including one precaution.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      A spot moves 3.6 cm while the solvent front moves 4.8 cm. Calculate the Rf value.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      State the positive result for the test for oxygen.

      [1]
   4. (d)

      A solid melts sharply at exactly its published melting point. What does this show?

      [2]
   5. (e)

      Give the test and result for carbon dioxide gas.

      [2]
6. 16

   This question is about the atmosphere.

   1. (a)

      State the percentages of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide in today’s atmosphere.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis.

      [2]
   3. (c)

      Name two greenhouse gases and explain how they warm the Earth.

      [3]
   4. (d)

      Name the pollutant formed when the sulfur impurities in coal burn.

      [1]
   5. (e)

      State one effect of that pollutant.

      [1]
7. 17

   This question is about using resources.

   1. (a)

      Explain the difference between potable water and pure water.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Describe the three main stages of UK water treatment.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      Name the four stages of a life cycle assessment.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      Explain one environmental benefit of recycling aluminium cans rather than making new ones.

      [2]
   5. (e)

      State what is meant by sustainable development.

      [1]
8. 18

   This question is about choosing reaction conditions. A student investigates the reaction between magnesium ribbon and hydrochloric acid at two temperatures.

   Results at two temperatures

   Temperature	Time to collect 20 cm³ of hydrogen
   20 °C	90 s
   40 °C	35 s

   1. (a)

      Calculate the mean rate for each temperature in cm³/s.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Use collision theory to explain the difference in the rates.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      State two variables the student must control.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      State one safety precaution for this experiment.

      [2]
9. 19

   This question is about the atmosphere and climate.

   1. (a)

      Name two sources of evidence used to study past climate.

      [2]
   2. (b)

      Describe how greenhouse gases cause the enhanced greenhouse effect.

      [3]
   3. (c)

      Define the carbon footprint of a product.

      [2]
   4. (d)

      Suggest one way a family could reduce its carbon footprint.

      [1]
10. 20

    This question is about organic chemistry.

    1. (a)

       Decane (C₁₀H₂₂) is cracked. Complete the equation: C₁₀H₂₂ → C₂H₄ + ?

       [2]
    2. (b)

       Describe what happens when wine is left open to the air for several weeks.

       [2]
    3. (c)

       State what is meant by an addition polymer and give one example.

       [2]
    4. (d)

       State why the petrochemical industry will eventually need alternatives to crude oil.

       [1]
    5. (e)

       Ethene reacts with steam to make ethanol. State the catalyst used.

       [1]